Querétaro is one of 31 states, along with the Federal District of Mexico, which comprises the 32 states of Mexico. Querétaro in central Mexico, a region known as "El Bajio". Its capital is the city of Santiago de Querétaro (located about 200km northwest of Mexico City), it is still widespread use of Querétaro to name both the state and the capital city.
Querétaro is bordered to the North with the state of San Luis Potosi, Guanajuato to the west, the east by Hidalgo, Mexico to the southeast and southwest with Michoacan
Querétaro is a state full of historical sites and has experiences a huge growth of industrial and business development. Contains several sites declared World Heritage Site by Unesco in 1996.
Brief History of Querétaro, Mexico
Origins of the Name
Querétaro's name comes from the Purépecha word K'erhiretarhu (K'eri = big people Rhu IRET = = place) or K'erendarhu (k'erenda = rock and Rhu = place) means that instead of large rocks or boulders. These place names were referred to the city of Queretaro, the state took the name of the capital city. Another version says the name comes Otomí with the meaning "island of the blue salamanders" or, in a Purepecha translated as "place of reptiles." The area of the Glen, east of Santiago de Queretaro, appears as collusium that may have long been used by indigenous people for the annual hunt of the salamander.
Pre-Hispanic times
The territory now occupied by the State of Querétaro was once inhabited by Otomíes and Purepecha (Tarascans), the latter being dominant. There was also a small presence of nomadic tribes called Chichimecas (Pamesa and jonaces). There are some archeological sites dating from this period as "El Cerrito" in Corregidora and sites Toluquilla and Las Ranas in the Sierra Gorda.
Spanish Era
The Spaniards arrived arround the date of 1528. Hernán Pérez Bocanegra y Córdoba allied with the indigenous Otomi named Conin, chieftain of Jilotepec to conquer new territories peacefully. In 1531 the city of Queretaro was planned by Juan Sánchez de Alaniz and Conin, who at this time was known by his Castilian name: Don Fernando de Tapia.
In the second half of the sixteenth century stands the convent of San Francisco, the first religious building in the city under the direction and patronage of Don Fernando de Tapia. In 1655 he was awarded the title of title of Viceroy by the Duke of Alburquerque. From that time one the city was known as Santiago de Querétaro.
In 1712 Querétaro earned the title of "Noble and Loyal City of Querétaro" by King Philip V of Spain. In 1726 starts the construction of the aqueduct, 80% paid by Don Juan Antonio de Urrutia and Arana, Marques de la Villa del Villar del Aguila. This aqueduct, one of the most important buildings, is now a symbol of the city of Queretaro.
In 1731 starts the construction of the church and convent of San Agustín, built by the baroque Noveu Hispanic and ends in 1743.
In 1735 opened the cistern, which was the primary source of the city in 1738 and reach the water to the various public batteries scattered around the city.
In 1752 the temple was dedicated at the College of Santa Rosa de Viterbo, baroque monuments.
In 1763 was founded the Oratorio San Felipe Neri today Queretaro Cathedral, the church was dedicated in 1805.
In 1772 the teacher dies of organ and architect Mariano de las Casas.
In 1778 was the secularization of the parish of San Sebastian.
In 1797 Debut the Fountain of Neptune, designed and built by the architect Francisco Eduardo Tresguerres and sculpture by John Izguerra.
In 1805 was inaugurated the Academy of Fine Arts.
In 1807 the temple was completed and convent Teresitas. Manuel Tolsa designed ups but not used. Ortiz worked in the work of Castro and the decor Tresguerres.
Independence of Mexico
In September 1810 Querétaro became the birthplace of the movement of Independence. On the 13th Epigmenio González was taken prisoner , bearing an arsenal of weapons to the insurgency. On the 15th Queretaro's Corregidor Don Miguel Dominguez and his wife, Doña Josefa Ortiz de Dominguez were detained . She manages to send a message to the Sr. Hidalgo and Sr. Allende, who started the War of Independence of Mexico.
On October 4, 1824 establishing the Federal Republic in Mexico, the Constitution includes Querétaro State of the Federation.
In 1847 Querétaro was named capital of Mexico when it was invaded by U.S. forces.
On May 30, 1848 in Queretaro signed the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, ending the war with Mexico, where United States lost half of its northern territory.
In 1867 two battles were fought between the Republican and the Imperial army at the Cerro de las Campanas in Santiago de Querétaro. Maximilian of Habsburg is captured, tried and sentenced to be executed on June 19 at the Cerro de las Campanas along with Mexican generals Tomás Mejía and Miguel Miramón.
In 1886 the station was opened queretana Central Railroad, built with pink quarry and wood, the style of the U.S. stations at that time.
20th Century
On February 5, 1917, Congress proclaimed the Constitution of the United States of the Mexican Republic in the Teatro de la Ciudad in Santiago de Querétaro.
On May 15 of 1967 inaugurated a monument to Benito Juárez in the Cerro de las Campanas by President Gustavo Díaz Ordaz.
In 1985 the stadium Corregidora Queretaro was built for the World Cup 1986.
On July 25, 1985 inaugurated the Auditorium Josefa Ortiz de Dominguez, the design was done by Architect Luis Alfonso Fernández Siurob.
In 1987, hosts the Miss Mexico beauty contest held in the auditorium Josefa Ortiz de Dominguez, where the winner was the poblana Amanda Beatriz Olivares Phillips, who a year later would win second place in the Miss Universe contest held in 1988 Taipei China.
On February 5, 1989 the park was opened in Alcanfores by President Carlos Salinas de Gortari.
On February 5, 1991 opened the ecological park "Querétaro 2000.
In 1993 passed by the State Government of Cerro Cimatario considered National Park. Querétaro is the sub-Miss Universe 1993.
In 1994 she inaugurated the new bus from the city of Queretaro.
21st Century
In November 2004, inaugurated the International Airport of Queretaro and the Real Estate Queretaro, Mexico is getting to be in high demand.
In March 2008 the legislature approved the new constitution of the state, in the state it is reduced to only Querétaro Arteaga Querétaro.
